Tag Archives: Methodology

Looking at Both Sides of the Family Tree

This isn’t something that I’ve just recently noticed, but it has become ever more apparent as I’ve trudged through my family tree, cleaning up source citations.

Some genealogists have shared how similar the branches of the family tree are, sometimes through endogamy, other times just because both sides of the family lived in close locations for many decades, if not centuries.

My paternal and maternal branches of the tree have nothing like that – they have absolutely nothing in common until my parents met and married.

Because I started researching on the late 1970s, long before the internet age, it also meant tackling records in two different ways.

First, my father’s side of the family tree is almost 100% Carpatho-Rusyn and they immigrated to the U.S. from villages near today’s Presov, Slovakia. Although my grandparents were both born in America, my grandmother’s family returned to Europe when Nana was five years old. She came back to New Jersey permanently when she was 17.

Add to that the fact that my great grandfather changed the family name from Kucharik to Sabo in the early 1900s., those early censuses didn’t help much, nor were there family history books to pull of library shelves.

Oh, and I didn’t even know the family name was Kucharik until the 1980s and the census indexed the name as Ruharik, so I couldn’t find for ages even when I knew about it.

So, how did I learn about this side of my family? Well, many of the “old timers” were still around and Nana had names and addresses. I asked Nana a lot of questions and wrote to her cousins around America, contacted local churches and begged for records and did the same with cemeteries. Little by little, I pieced together the family who lived Stateside.

Then, my dad’s cousin and I split a $200+ bill from the Czechoslovakian Embassy, who had a pile of records found in the archives.

What else is different about my paternal tree? Church records in the villages only go back to the late 1820s. Therefore, aside from adding new distant cousins I find to later generations, there are no more resources to search and that side of my tree will never be extended back any further than 3X great grands and three names of 4X great grands.

My Rusyn family were literally serfs before 1850 and had no opportunity for education or bettering their lives until the Industrial Revolution tapped them in the 1890s.

In summary, my father’s family tree happened through slow, local and personalized research and one giant step to the Czechoslovak archives that cost a pretty penny and took 18 months for a reply.

Now, my mother’s side of the tree was a completely different experience because, for the most part, my maternal grandparents were descended from colonial New England families. Yes, I had some Loyalists thrown in the mix, plus one Danish great grandmother and a 5X great grandfather from the Netherlands, but my research experience was completely different.

I still asked my grandmother questions and I had my grandfather’s cousin, Charles, mentoring me along the way, but, often, I used the New England Historic Genealogical Society’s book loan program by U.S. mail and found generations of family members in huge batches.

I also spent hours in the Pomona Public Library, the Los Angeles Public Library and the Los Angeles Family History Center whenever I could get to them. I absolutely loved the NEHGS journal The Register because so many articles had been published about my ancestors.

After 46 years of researching, the maternal branches of the family tree extend as far back as 15 generations, thanks to a few ancestors living in the 1300s and 1400s who left wills and probates that allowed professional researchers to piece together those families and share their findings.

Overall, I think I’m a perfect example of the American “melting pot.”

What about your tree? Do you have overlapping families, completely separate lines like mine or is your tree somewhere in a the middle with just a touch of common ancestors?

Essential Tools for Today’s Genealogical Research Success

In years past, I’ve shared more than one list of essential resources, or tools of the trade, that increase the chance for success during genealogy researches.

That’s not to say that those previous lists that were so carefully compiled are outdated or of no use because they all remain extremely useful for 21st century researches.

However, we are living in a time where data is said to be doubling every 12 hours! That’s pretty amazing.

With the data explosion has come new tech tools that are continually improving access to those genealogical details that we seek.

Today’s Essential Tools list, therefore, will focus on some of those resources that will maximize our research successes.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been at the forefront of the news for a couple of years now and, while I’m not a fan of AI doing my writing, it can be invaluable behind the scenes.

  1. FamilySearch is a leader in the genealogy world and its website is 100% free. If you’re one of those people who only enter a name to search or look at the universal family tree hosted there, then you are missing out completely on FamilySearch Labs. One of the innovations introduced a year ago is Full Text Search. If you are on the hunt for an elusive ancestor or would like to find “all” the records pertaining to him/her, then a search of land and probate records is essential. Full Text Search will do just that – the AI-powered search engine has been trained to “read” those records found in the FamilySearch collection. My favorite find was one of my husband’s ancestors – Caspar Starr. I suspected he was from Maryland and knew he ended up in North Carolina. I also suspected that he might have lived in Virginia during his travels. His name was unique enough that I not only found him in Baltimore, but now know his wife’s maiden name, learned where in Virginia he lived and discovered more members of his FAN club. None of that would have happened without Full-Text Search.
  2. ChatGPT4o is a popular AI tool which has a robust free version. Questions can be crafted to provide background information (and many other uses) for genealogy research. I used it to ask what life was like in Lowell and Newburyport, MA and Nashua, NH in 1850 because I suspected that all three were factory centers during the Industrial Revolution and was trying to figure out how my ancestor, George Tarbox, ended living up in those places when he was originally from Maine and that is what ChatGPT told me. Caution – Answers provided by AI need to be checked for accuracy. My method of checking happened when I found George in city directories in each place and all three occupations mentioned had to do with factory work.
  3. There is one more AI tool that needs to be included in this list – Perplexity. This website is somewhat unique, at least at the time I’m writing this post – because the answer to a prompt will include citations! I wrote a very basic prompt more detailed prompts tend to give more complete and accurate responses), but Perplexity did a great job with Write a biography about Loyalist James Astle.

Notice that there are sources across the top and when I cluck on “View 5 more” the list opens up:

Notice, too, on the biography page, there are some suggested images that might pertain to James Astle. In this case, the map and the newspaper notice do belong to the James Astle story.

Besides including two of my own posts (Sources 6 and 7), I might want to check out Source 5 from the Provincial Archives of New Brunswick and Source 8, Loyalist source material from the American Antiquarian to learn more.

Source 1 is the WikiTree entry for this James Astle, but Sources 2 and 3 are a different, unrelated man and Source 4 doesn’t pertain to the family of this James Astle either.

However, perplexity has done a credible job, particularly since it was given a short, one sentence prompt.

Although AI is the trending topic at the moment, there are other ways to use technology to your research advantage.

4. What search engines do you use, just for general searches? Google is probably at the top of your list, but there are still viable options that can provide information not found elsewhere. Bing taught me what a “tarboxer” is, a word created from a tragedy that happened to Samuel Tarbox and his wife in 1819 in Standish, Maine. Standish is a nearby town to New Gloucester, where my George was born in 1818. Since all the Tarboxes are related, I have to wonder if George’s parents actually knew this Samuel Tarbox who froze to death. I also have to wonder if this story is true? Another search engine that has been around forever is Dogpile. Remember, not every search engine brings up the same results even with the exact same search terms. A few years ago, I wondered what happened to one of two sisters I knew growing up. I had learned that she died, but wondered about the circumstances. Dogpile is the only search engine that found the sad story that she had been murdered by her husband. The moral of the story here is to branch out and try the same search in more than one search engine.
5. Next – How involved with DNA are you? Test kits have been readily available for years. What do you do with the results? Ingenious apps have been created to help determine relationships between two or more DNA matches. Not only are there helpful tools like the Leeds Method, DNA Painter and WATO (What Are the Odds?) and WATO+, but sites like MyHeritage and Ancestry offer (subscription) tools to help analyze DNA results. One of the newest is Ancestry ProTools.
6. Last, but not least, I’d like to remind everyone that not everything is online, but more and more is appearing every day. Cast a wider net than usual. Take the time to search, for example, state libraries and archives, university collections, county historical societies and local public libraries. Use Cyndi’s List and Linkpendium, visit USGenWeb and DPLA. You’ll not only be able to recite the vital statistics of your ancestors’ lives, you’ll be able to place them in a social, economic, political, religious and cultural context, too.

Methodology Review: William Tarbox & Judith Haskell Research

I guess I shouldn’t be surprised when I look back at recently completed “deep dive” projects, but I have to admit that I always am.

This project started out as a task to write a lengthy and detailed ancestor life sketch about George Rogers Tarbox, my 3X great grandfather.

I quickly realized that it had been quite a long time since I had delved into George’s life and, more suprisingly, I had never written about his parents and many siblings.

To all those who say they “finished” research on a particular ancestor, family or even their entire family tree, I have to disagree because as active researchers know the work is NEVER finished.

For my William Tarbox family, I was exceedingly fortunate that the early New Gloucester town clerks carefully kept birth records from the town’s earliest settlement.

Marriage records were spotty in 1700s and early 1800s Maine, as were death records.

However, in the decades that have passed since I first looked at the family, more records have become available online. Others have researched individual members of the family, adding still more details to their lives.

Resources like city directories, church histories and town/county histories have provided even more fodder for the rabbit hole.

From this deep dive, I was able to fill out the details of all the lives of George’s siblings and his many nieces and nephews. I discovered how many of his siblings have no descendants today, too, which was a real surprise.

As for George’s life, I knew he lived in Lowell, Massachusetts for a short time and married his second wife in Nashua, New Hampshire, but I could never figure out how a Maine and Massachusetts guy met a New Hampshire lady and married there.

Thanks to those city directories and their fun details, I learned about George’s early business interests in textile manufacturing and, from that, learned that those business interests are what led him from Maine to Lowell to Nashua and then to Newburyport, Massachusetts and, finally, to a new business interest – quarrying granite – in Calais, Maine.

I highly recommend taking deep dives into the lives of somewhat neglected ancestors. You might be surprised at all the new information to be found!